FRAKTUR

07.18 |

Definition: Interruption in normal bone continuity, which is accompanied by soft tissue injury. Classification of fractures are simple or closed and open or compound. Fracture Patterns are :

• Oblique – Line of Fx. Angled

• Transverse – Across the bone

• Longitudinal – Length of bone

• Spiral – Twisting or rotation of bone

• Comminuted – broken in > 2 places

• Impacted – Fragments driven into each other

• Displaced or Avulsed – torn away by a ligament or tendon.

Upper Extremity Fractures : Fractures include those of the clavicle, scapula, humerus, olecranon, radius and ulna, wrist and hand. Lower Extremity Fractures : femur, patella, tibia and fibula, ankle and foot.

Stages of Bone Healing :hematoma, granulation, callus Formation, osteoblastic proliferation, bone remodeling, complete healing. Bone healing problems are :

• Delayed Union - > 6 months to a year

• Nonunion - < ½ of bone fragments joined together

• Malunion – Bone healed in state of deformity